Internal Security

PAP Liaoning Provincial Corps Recruit Regiment Explores Precision Training Model

武警辽宁总队新兵团探索精准施训模式

PLA Daily (解放军报) 30 May 2026

Summary

The PAP Liaoning Provincial Corps Recruit Regiment introduced a tiered marksmanship training system this year in which recruits advance through sequential qualification gates—shooting familiarization, precision reinforcement, and assessment verification—using individualized target sheets ('bullet maps') to track point-of-impact data across every live-fire session, with failure to clear any gate triggering mandatory remedial training before progression. The article documents a specific institutional problem: the PAP's recruit marksmanship pipeline had plateaued at roughly 30% excellent-score rates even after per-capita ammunition consumption exceeded 90 rounds, a failure the corps attributes to uniform-pace instruction that underserved both high- and low-aptitude recruits. The 'pass-and-advance' model fits a broader PLA and PAP pattern of moving away from volume-based training metrics toward outcome-gated individual assessment, and this article provides a concrete baseline for how that shift is being operationalized at the recruit regiment level in Liaoning.

Translation

"Five rounds, 47 rings!"

Recently, the People's Armed Police Liaoning Provincial Corps Recruit Regiment organized a marksmanship assessment. When the scores were announced, recruit Cheng Xuebo broke into a relieved smile. This recruit, who had previously been sent back for remedial training (回炉重训) due to finishing last in marksmanship, has now risen to the ranks of distinguished marksmen—thanks to the "pass-and-advance" (过关进阶) precision training model.

"From the 'passing line' to the 'excellent tier,' Cheng Xuebo's trajectory of improvement is precisely plotted on this 'bullet map.'" Pointing to a target sheet covered in bullet holes, Liu Maogong, the lead marksmanship instructor for the recruit regiment, said with pride: "This is the best testament to the results achieved by the recruits' 'pass-and-advance' precision training model."

"This target sheet is issued to every recruit at the very first training session. All point-of-impact data and bullet holes from every live-fire training session are recorded on it—it is essentially each recruit's training 'medical record.'" Liu Maogong unfolded a target sheet and explained that recruits can use it at any time to examine their points of impact, identify problems, analyze causes, and determine directions for improvement. Everyone has taken to calling this target sheet the "bullet map." Since the beginning of this year, the recruit regiment has seen a marked improvement in the proportion of recruits achieving excellent marksmanship scores—a direct result of the precision training model built on the principle of "pass each round before advancing; no promotion without meeting the standard."

"A good marksman is not necessarily produced by feeding him bullets." A leader of the corps explained that in the past, a crude training philosophy centered on "piling up volume" once dominated recruit training. Last winter, during a pilot program in one recruit company, they found that despite rigorous attention to theoretical study, weapons disassembly, aiming drills, and live-fire shooting, once per-capita ammunition consumption exceeded 90 rounds, the proportion of recruits achieving excellent scores remained stuck at around 30% for an extended period.

Before this year's recruit training cycle began, they conducted an in-depth investigation into the root causes based on the pilot results. They found that the problem was not that recruits had a weak foundation, but that the traditional "march in step" (齐步走) model caused a situation where "the strong are underfed and the weak cannot digest." All recruits progressed at the same pace and the same rhythm; instructors had to accommodate the majority, and recruits with a stronger foundation who grasped skills quickly had no choice but to "mark time in place"—making it naturally difficult for anyone to stand out.

In response, they addressed the problems of unstable marksmanship training quality, the difficulty of breaking through the excellent-score rate, and the low cost-effectiveness of traditional methods, and explored the implementation of the "pass-and-advance" precision training model. Using the training level reflected by the "bullet map" as the basis, marksmanship training is scientifically broken down into gates including shooting familiarization, precision reinforcement, and assessment and verification. Each gate has a hard qualification threshold: failure to pass means being sent back for remedial training; only upon successfully clearing a gate may a recruit advance to the next phase.

Recruit Cheng Xuebo is one of the beneficiaries of the precision training model. Having previously failed to meet the training standard, he would review his "bullet map" after every training session to identify his weaknesses and shortcomings. Liu Maogong also proactively stepped in, drawing on his own experience to help analyze the causes. In subsequent training, Cheng Xuebo applied the methods and experience Liu Maogong had imparted, conducting targeted intensive practice, and ultimately achieved an excellent score in the assessment.

"Without adding a single weapon or a single round, without changing support conditions, and relying solely on innovation in training methods, the results have been transformed entirely." Reflecting on the changes brought about by the new training organization model, Liu Maogong said with feeling: "The 'bullet map' combined with 'pass-and-advance' is the equivalent of changing from a 'communal mess' (大锅饭) to an 'individual meal system' (分餐制), ensuring that every round fired produces maximum benefit."

One target sheet, marked by bullet holes. The "bullet map" that records the growth of recruits embodies a precision training philosophy that continuously injects new momentum into the corps' recruit training. Corps leaders stated that going forward, they will continue to optimize the precision training pathway, work to break through bottlenecks and difficult points in training, and drive recruit training to a new level.

Original Chinese

“5发，47环！”日前，武警辽宁总队新兵团组织一场射击考核。成绩公布，新兵成学博脸上露出了欣慰的笑容。这名曾因射击成绩“吊车尾”而“回炉”重训的新兵，在“过关进阶”精准施训模式的助力下，如今已跻身优秀射手行列。 “从‘及格线’进阶‘优秀档’，成学博的进步轨迹，精准绘制在这张‘子弹地图’上。”指着一张布满弹痕的靶纸，该新兵团射击课目首席教练员刘茂功自豪地介绍，“这是新兵‘过关进阶’精准施训模式取得成效的最好见证。” “这张靶纸，首次训练时就配发到每名新兵手中。每次射击训练的所有弹着点信息、上靶弹孔等，全部显示在上面，相当于每名新兵的训练‘病历’。”刘茂功展开一张靶纸介绍道，新兵可凭借这张靶纸，随时对照弹着点自查问题、剖析原因、明确改进方向。大家把这张靶纸形象地称作“子弹地图”。今年以来，该新兵团新兵射击训练优秀率明显提升，正是得益于“一轮一过关、不达标不晋级”的精准施训模式。 “好射手不一定全靠子弹‘喂’出来。”该总队领导介绍，过去，以“堆量”为核心的粗放式训练思维一度主导新兵训练工作。去年冬天，他们在一个新兵中队试点发现，尽管在理论学习、武器分解、瞄准练习、实弹射击等环节都抓得很实，但新兵人均弹药消耗超过90发后，成绩优秀率却长期在30%左右徘徊。今年新兵训练展开前，他们结合试点情况深入查找症结，结果发现，问题不在新兵基础弱，而是传统的“齐步走”模式导致“强的吃不饱，弱的难消化”。所有新兵同一进度、同一节奏，教练员要兼顾大多数，一些基础好、掌握快的新兵只好“原地踏步”，自然难以“冒尖”。为此，他们针对射击训练质量不稳定、优秀率难突破、传统手段效费比不高等问题，探索推行“过关进阶”精准施训模式——以“子弹地图”反映的训练水平为依据，将射击训练科学分解为射击体验、强化精度、考核检验等关口，每一关都设置硬性达标线，不过关即“回炉”重训，闯关成功方能晋级下一阶段。新兵成学博就是精准施训模式的受益者。此前训练成绩未达标的他，每次训练结束后都会结合“子弹地图”查找短板不足。刘茂功也主动靠上去，结合自身经验帮他分析原因。在后续训练中，成学博按照刘茂功传授的经验和方法，针对性展开专攻精练，终于在考核中取得优秀成绩。 “不增一枪一弹，不改保障条件，仅靠训法创新，效果便焕然一新。”谈及新的组训模式带来的变化，刘茂功感慨地说，“‘子弹地图’结合‘过关进阶’，相当于变‘大锅饭’为‘分餐制’，让每发子弹都打出最大效益。” 一张靶纸，弹孔留痕。这张记录新兵成长足迹的“子弹地图”，背后蕴含的精准施训理念，为该总队新兵训练源源不断注入新动能。该总队领导表示，下一步，他们将持续优化精准施训路径，着力破解训练中的堵点、难点，推动新兵训练迈上新台阶。