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Strong Military Forum | Expanding on 'A One-Word Order'

强军论坛丨从“一个字的命令”说开去
PLA Daily (解放军报) 14 July 2026
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A PLA commentary published in the Strong Military Forum uses historical examples—including a single-character Liberation War order and a Korean War anecdote about General Qin Jiwei—to argue that verbose command documents and bureaucratic process directly degrade combat effectiveness in high-tempo warfare. The piece documents a persistent institutional problem the PLA labels the 'five excesses' (五多问题): excessive meetings, documents, assessments, forms, and inspections that crowd out warfighting preparation. The explicit framing—that officers who lack genuine battlefield orientation will never resolve this problem—extends a years-long PLA effort to use political education channels to pressure mid-level commanders into internalizing combat standards rather than administrative ones, and raises the question of how deeply that effort has actually penetrated below the leading-organ level.

Expanding on 'A One-Word Order'

■ Zhang Xicheng

During the War of Liberation, a certain battalion of our army was ordered to annihilate the enemy garrison at a river crossing, seize a key passage, and open a route for the main force. However, when the battalion arrived at the objective on time, the enemy had already fled in advance. Upon receiving this situation report, the higher command immediately issued a supplementary order—"Pursue." After the battalion commander received this single-character order, he immediately understood one thing: the fact that the order contained only one character indicated the situation was urgent and speed was essential. Acting on this understanding, the battalion commander led his troops into swift action, successfully completed the mission, and fulfilled the higher command's intent.

This single-character combat order is a special case, but it reveals a universal truth: combat documents must be written according to the principle of brevity and clarity, proceeding from actual conditions, and on the basis of making things clear, saying as little as possible that is repetitive, verbose, or consists of the stock phrases that have become habitual over many years. Especially on the battlefield of the "instant-kill" era, where the situation changes in an instant and opportunities vanish in a flash, if one mechanically begins with analysis of enemy and friendly situations and resorts to lengthy discourse at every turn, the battle may well be over before the order has even been transmitted.

If it is not necessary, do not add empty work. Comrade Mao Zedong once declared: "Tedious philosophy is always destined to perish." German military figure Hindenburg also said: "The simplest is also the most difficult; in war, only simplicity can achieve success." Between the complexity of war itself and the simplicity required to prosecute it, what is indispensable is the ability to reduce complexity to simplicity, strike at the vital point, and handle weighty matters with ease. If leading organs are cumbersome and dilatory, how can they command troops to take the field and win battles? It can be said that war making everything simple has never been a subjective choice—it is the objective compulsion of the battlefield environment.

During the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, when Comrade Qin Jiwei was commanding the Battle of Triangle Hill (上甘岭) and speaking by telephone with troops pinned down in the tunnels, he had barely begun: "Please pass on to the comrades in the tunnels that the army Party committee and army commanders are all thinking of the comrades up front..." when he was unceremoniously interrupted by the telephone operator: "Commander, stop rambling! Say what matters, give the order first!" When Qin Jiwei recalled this incident, he said: "The soldiers were right! At that time many signal soldiers had been killed, and it was very difficult to keep the telephone line open for long—we could only grab one sentence at a time." This incident is worth our deep reflection.

A philosopher said that the rules of war, though simple, are rarely followed in peacetime. Why? Because many people have not truly thought from the perspective of the battlefield. If one prepares for war with the mindset of not fighting, then the "five excesses" problem (五多问题) can never be fundamentally resolved. If every officer and soldier could think through problems standing on "ground of life and death" and understand what "the way of survival or extinction" means, they would know what should be done on the battlefield and how to do it, and would not complicate simple problems.

For military personnel, the best teacher is the adversary, and the true classroom is the battlefield. Wherever warfighting thinking (战争思维) is established, red tape must retreat from that same ground. It must be fully recognized that, in the face of a grave and complex international situation and arduous and heavy mission tasks, officers and soldiers at all levels must update their warfighting thinking and operational concepts in step with the times, always anchor their thinking to the battlefield and focus their standards on winning, strengthen the awareness that cumbersome process is a calamity and delay is defeat, reduce complexity to simplicity and seek practical results, eliminate the false and retain the true, specialize and train to a high level of proficiency, and resolutely implement the principle of "cut what obstructs combat readiness, delete what deviates from actual combat, and stop what affects victory in battle"—leaving red tape no place to hide, and ensuring that the focus of combat power building does not drift, does not scatter, and advances in an orderly manner.

Original Chinese
从“一个字的命令”说开去 ■张西成 解放战争时期,我军某营奉命歼灭某地渡口的守敌,抢占要道,为大部队开辟通路。然而,当该营准时到达目的地时,敌人已提前逃跑。接到这一情况报告,上级立即下了一道补充命令——“追”。该营营长接到这份仅有一个字的命令后,立刻明白了一件事:命令只写一个字,说明情况紧急,必须快。按照这个意思,营长带领部队迅速行动,圆满完成了任务、实现了上级意图。 这份一个字的作战命令,是个特殊的例子,但它揭示了一个普遍的道理:写战斗文书必须本着简而明的原则,从实际出发,在讲清楚的基础上,尽量少讲重复话、啰嗦话,以及那些多年形成习惯的套话。尤其是身处“秒杀”时代的战场,战况瞬息万变、战机稍纵即逝,如果机械地从分析敌情、我情入手,动辄长篇大论,恐怕命令还未传达到,战斗就已经结束了。 如无必要,勿增虚务。毛泽东同志曾断言:“繁琐哲学总是要灭亡的。”德国军事家兴登堡也说过:“最简单也是最难的,战争中只有简单才能获得成功。”战争本身的复杂性与遂行战争的简单性,中间必不可少的是化繁为简、剑指七寸、举重若轻的能力。倘若领导机关繁琐拖沓,又如何能指挥部队上战场、打胜仗?可以说,战争让一切变得简单,从来不是一种主观选择,而是战场环境的客观倒逼。 抗美援朝战争期间,秦基伟同志指挥上甘岭战役时与困守坑道的部队通话,刚说一句:“转告坑道里的同志们,军党委和军首长都很惦记前面的同志……”就被电话兵毫不客气地打断了:“首长,别啰嗦了!拣要紧的说,先下命令吧!”秦基伟回忆这件事时说:“战士们做得对啊!那时牺牲了很多通信兵,也很难保障电话长时间畅通,只能抢一句算一句。”这件事,值得我们深思。 一位哲人说,战争的规则虽然简单,然而平时很少有人遵守。为什么?因为许多人没有真正站在战场的角度去思考。如果以不打仗的心态做打仗的准备,那么“五多”问题就不可能彻底根治。倘若每名官兵都能站在“生死之地”想问题、懂得“存亡之道”是什么,就会明白上了战场应该做什么、应该怎么做,就不会把简单问题复杂化。 对军人而言,最好的老师是对手,真正的课堂是沙场。战争思维在哪里立起来,繁文缛节就要从哪里退下去。必须充分认识到,面对严峻复杂的国际形势和艰巨繁重的使命任务,广大指战员要与时俱进更新战争思维和作战理念,始终把思维锚定在战场、把标准聚焦在打赢,强化繁琐就是祸患、拖延就是溃败的意识,化繁为简、务求实效,去伪存真、专攻精练,切实做到“阻碍备战的就减、偏离实战的就删、影响胜战的就停”,让繁文缛节无处藏身,确保战斗力建设重心不偏、焦点不散、有序推进。